{"id":277,"date":"2025-07-26T22:33:15","date_gmt":"2025-07-26T14:33:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/?p=277"},"modified":"2025-07-29T23:36:46","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T15:36:46","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%b9%8b%e5%b7%85%e3%80%8b%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/index.php\/2025\/07\/26\/%e3%80%8a%e6%80%a7%e8%83%bd%e4%b9%8b%e5%b7%85%e3%80%8b%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u5dc5\u300b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u524d\u8a00<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u8fd1\u4e24\u5468\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6392\u67e5\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u67b6\u6784\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u70ed\u70b9\u51fd\u6570\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u611f\u89c9\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd8\u662f\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u8fd9\u5757\u86ee\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u5757\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u6709\u7ed3\u5b9e\u7684\u4ea7\u51fa\u3002\u6211\u73b0\u5728\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u524d\u4eba\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u603b\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u8005\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e2a\u624b\u827a\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff1f\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u6574\u7406\u6210\u76f8\u5173sop\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u5206\u6790\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u56db\u5927\u4ef6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u5b66\u6709\u6240\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4e30\u6536\u7684\u559c\u60a6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u4fbf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u6392\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6700\u9996\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u70b9\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u4e2a\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898-&gt;\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf, <strong>\u8fde\u70b9\u6210\u7ebf\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ebf\u7ec7\u9762<\/strong>\u662f\u81ea\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u8df5\u53bb\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\uff1f\u7ad9\u5728\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u80a9\u8180\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u2014\u2014 Brendan Gregg\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5927\u5e08\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u89c6\u9891\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e66\u7c4d\u300a\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u5dc5\u300b\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u7684\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7b2c1\u7248\uff1a\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6784\u5efa\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u7840\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6216\u4ec5\u5173\u6ce8\u4f20\u7edf\u7269\u7406\u673a\/\u865a\u62df\u673a\u73af\u588329\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7b2c2\u7248\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9700\u89e3\u51b3\u4e91\u3001\u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u73af\u5883\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u638c\u63e1eBPF\u7b49\u524d\u6cbf\u52a8\u6001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6280\u672f\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4ece\u4e8b\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u7ef4\uff08\u5982SRE\u3001\u4e91\u67b6\u6784\u5e08\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5168\u4e66\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u622a\u53d6\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b14\u8bb0<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u653e\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8017\u65f6, \u6211\u60f3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u90fd\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-8.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"712\" height=\"634\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-8.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-311\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 712px) 100vw, 712px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8d34\u4e0a B\u7ad9\u4e00\u4f4dUP\u505a\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u4eab\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dP2\u76841\u520630s\u5de6\u53f3\u6709\u5f15\u7528Google\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u603b\u7ed3\uff082004\u5e74\uff0c\u65f6\u6548\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1Xy4y1b7SK\/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click&amp;vd_source=29d4fa0f05c21737f4d2d377b8be842d\">[\u539f\u521b] \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u77e5\u8bc6 (\u5e26\u4f60\u8d70\u8bfbUlrich Drepper\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8bba\u6587)_\u54d4\u54e9\u54d4\u54e9_bilibili<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-9-1024x721.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"721\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-9-1024x721.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-312\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5370\u8c61\u91ccCMU15445\u7684\u8bfe\u4ef6\u91cc\u4e5f\u6709\u6574\u7406\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8fdb\u7a0b\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-10.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"486\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-10.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-313\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5185\u6838\u4e0a\u4e0b\u2f42\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\uff08PID\uff09\u3001\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u2f64\u6237 ID\uff08UID\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684 \u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u5e38\u2f64 ps(1) \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u2f00\u5957\u2f42\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u2f42\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u2f42\u4ef6\u4e3a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u5171\u4eab \uff08\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff09\u3002 \u2f64\u6237\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5305\u62ec\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\uff1a\u53ef\u6267\u2f8f\u2f42\u4ef6\u3001\u5e93\u548c\u5806\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/proc\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-11.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"722\" height=\"475\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-11.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-314\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ioctl( )\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u2f64\u4e8e\u5411\u5185\u6838\u8bf7\u6c42\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u2f2f\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mmap( )\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u901a\u5e38\u2f64\u6765\u628a\u53ef\u6267\u2f8f\u2f42\u4ef6\u548c\u5e93\u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u2f42\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u66ff\u4ee3 \u57fa\u4e8e brk( ) \u7684 malloc( ) \u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u2f2f\u4f5c\u5185\u5b58\u505a\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff08\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5185\u5b58 \u6620\u5c04\u7ba1\u7406\u4f1a\u505a\u2f00\u4e9b\u6743\u8861\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>brk( )\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u2f64\u4e8e\u5ef6\u4f38\u5806\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u2f2f\u4f5c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u2f24\u2f29\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u5206 \u914d\u5e93\u6267\u2f8f\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u8c03\u2f64 malloc( )\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\uff09\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u2f9c\u5806\u5185\u73b0\u6709\u7a7a\u95f4\u65f6\u53d1\u2f63\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7528\u6237\u6001\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5f00\u9500\u5927<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\uff08\u6743\u9650\u4f4e\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u9700\u8981\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\uff08\u6743\u9650\u9ad8\uff09\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u79cd<strong>\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\u518d\u5207\u56de\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u6602\u8d35\u7684<\/strong>\uff08\u6d89\u53ca\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fdd\u5b58\/\u6062\u590d\u3001\u4e2d\u65ad\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u6743\u9650\u5207\u6362\u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\uff08Cache Miss\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u539f\u672c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5207\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\u65f6\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u4fdd\u7559\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u8c03\u5ea6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff08\u6bd4\u5982 <code>read()<\/code> \u963b\u585e\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 \u89c2\u6d4b\u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u6392\u67e5\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8ba1\u6570\u5668<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u2f64\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u2f46\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u6574\u578b\u6570\uff0c\u53d1\u2f63\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65f6\u9012\u589e\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6709\u2f79\u7edc\u5305\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u6709\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u53d1\u2f63\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u6267\u2f8f\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u3002\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f \u201c\u96f6\u5f00\u9500\u201d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u7684\uff0c\u2f7d\u4e14\u59cb\u7ec8\u7531\u5185\u6838\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vmstat\uff1a\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mpstat\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iostat\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7531\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u2f1d\u62a5\u544a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>netstat\uff1a\u2f79\u7edc\u63a5\u2f1d\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0cTCP\/IP \u6808\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u2f00\u4e9b\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sar\uff1a\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u80fd\u5f52\u6863\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ps\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u5b58\u548c CPU \u7684\u4f7f\u2f64<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>top\uff1a\u6309\u2f00\u4e2a\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5982 CPU \u4f7f\u2f64\uff09\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u6392\u540d\u2fbc\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e Solaris \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u2f2f\u5177\u662f prstat(1M)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pmap\uff1a\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6bb5\u548c\u4f7f\u2f64\u7edf\u8ba1\u2f00\u8d77\u5217\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>tcpdump\uff1a\u2f79\u7edc\u5305\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08\u2f64 libpcap \u5e93\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>snoop\uff1a\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e Solaris \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6253\u9020\u7684\u2f79\u7edc\u5305\u8ddf\u8e2a\u2f2f\u5177<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>blktrace\uff1a\u5757 I\/O \u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08Linux\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>iosnoop\uff1a\u5757 I\/O \u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e DTrace\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>execsnoop\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e DTrace\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dtruss\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u7f13\u51b2\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e DTrace\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DTrace\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u2f79\u7edc\u548c\u5757 I\/O\uff09\uff0c\u2f40\u6301\u9759\u6001\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SystemTap\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u6240\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u2f40\u6301\u9759\u6001\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u8ddf\u8e2a\u3002 perf\uff1aLinux \u6027\u80fd\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u9759\u6001\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u63a2\u9488\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>strace\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>truss\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e Solaris \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>gdb\uff1a\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\uff0c\u2f34\u6cdb\u5e94\u2f64\u4e8e Linux \u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mdb\uff1aSolaris \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u2f00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u662f\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7684\u662f\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u770bBrendan Gregg\u7684\u8bb2\u5ea7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bilibili.com\/video\/BV1hh411U7p5\/?spm_id_from=333.1387.homepage.video_card.click&amp;vd_source=29d4fa0f05c21737f4d2d377b8be842d\">\u3010Linux\u4e13\u9898\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3011\u6027\u80fd\u5de5\u5177\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff08\u5927\u725bBrendan Gregg\uff09_\u54d4\u54e9\u54d4\u54e9_bilibili<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0 \u65b9\u6cd5 \u4e2d\u7684USE\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>USE \u65b9\u6cd5\uff08utilization\u3001saturation\u3001errors\uff09\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7528\u6765 \u8bc6\u522b\u7cfb\u7edf\u74f6\u9888[Gregg 13]\u3002\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\uff1a \u5bf9 \u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u9971\u548c\u5ea6\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-12.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"469\" height=\"677\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-12.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-316\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 469px) 100vw, 469px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-13.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"674\" height=\"735\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-13.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-317\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 674px) 100vw, 674px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u89c2\u6d4b\u6765\u6e90<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u662f\uff1a\/proc\u3001\/sys \u548c kstat\u3002\u540e\u2faf\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5ef6\u65f6\u6838\u7b97\u548c\u5fae\u72b6\u6001\u6838\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u2f00\u4e9b\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-14.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"336\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-14.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-318\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\/proc \u7531\u5185\u6838\u52a8\u6001\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4efb\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8fd0\u2f8f\uff09\u3002\u591a\u6570\u2f42\u4ef6\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u89c2\u6d4b\u2f2f\u5177\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u3002 \u2f00\u90e8\u5206\u2f42\u4ef6\u662f\u53ef\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u2f64\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5185\u6838\u7684\u2f8f\u4e3a\u3002 Linux \u4e2d\/proc \u7684\u2f42\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u201cproc\u201d\uff0c\u5728\/proc \u4e0b\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u2f42\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6027\u80fd\u89c2\u6d4b<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u2f42\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>limits\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>maps\uff1a\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sched\uff1aCPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>schedstat\uff1aCPU \u8fd0\u2f8f\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5ef6\u65f6\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5206\u2f5a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>smaps\uff1a\u6620\u5c04\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stat\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u603b\u7684 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>statm\uff1a\u4ee5\u2eda\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u2f64\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>status\uff1astat \u548c statm \u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u2f64\u6237\u53ef\u8bfb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>task\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u2f6c\u5f55\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u89c2\u6d4b<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u2f42\u4ef6\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>cpuinfo\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u865a\u62df CPU\u3001\u578b\u53f7\u3001\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u2f24\u2f29<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>diskstats\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u78c1\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u7edf\u8ba1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>interrupts\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u8ba1\u6570\u5668<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>loadavg\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>meminfo\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u2f64\u660e\u7ec6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>net\/dev\uff1a\u2f79\u7edc\u63a5\u2f1d\u7edf\u8ba1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>net\/tcp\uff1a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684 TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>schedstat\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684 CPU \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7edf\u8ba1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>self\uff1a\u5173\u8054\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b ID \u8def\u5f84\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u2f64\u2f45\u4fbf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>slabinfo\uff1a\u5185\u6838 slab \u5206\u914d\u5668\u7f13\u5b58\u7edf\u8ba1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stat\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0cCPU\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u5206\u2eda\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u533a\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zoneinfo\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u6d4b\u6e90<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>CPU \u6027\u80fd\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff1a\u53ef\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f4e\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec CPU \u5468\u671f\u8ba1\u6570\u3001\u6307\u4ee4\u8ba1\u6570\u3001\u505c\u6ede\u5468 \u671f\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 perf_events \u63a5\u2f1d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64 perf_event_open()\uff0c\u6216\u8005 perf(1) \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u2f2f \u5177\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ea7\u522b\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff1a\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u662f\u2f64\u6237\u7ea7\u522b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u2f64\u3002\u2f00\u822c\u6267\u2f8f\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u8f83\u2fbc\uff0c\u4f1a\u62d6\u6162\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7684\u2f6c \u6807\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64 ptrace() \u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff0cstrace(1) \u2f64\u5b83\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u3002Linux \u8fd8\u6709 uprobes \u6765\u505a\u2f64\u6237\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8ddf\u8e2a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u8ddf\u8e2a\uff1a\u5728 Linux \u4e2d\uff0ctracepoints \u63d0\u4f9b\u9759\u6001\u7684\u5185\u6838\u63a2\u9488\uff08\u539f\u5148\u53eb\u505a\u5185\u6838\u6807\u8bb0\uff0ckernel markers\uff09\uff0c kprobes \u63d0\u4f9b\u52a8\u6001\u63a2\u9488\u3002\u2f2f\u5177 ftrace\u3001perf(1)\u3001DTrace \u548c SystemTap \u90fd\u2f64\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2f79\u7edc\u55c5\u63a2\uff1a\u2f79\u7edc\u55c5\u63a2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u2f00\u79cd\u4ece\u2f79\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u6293\u5305\u7684\u2f45\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u548c\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u505a\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\uff0c\u55c5\u63a2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 libpcap \u5e93\u548c\/proc\/net\/dev \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u2f8f\u2f2f\u5177\u5219\u6709 tcpdump(8)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6838\u7b97\uff1a\u2f2f\u5177 atop(1) \u2f64\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6838\u7b97\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5230\u77ed\u6682\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5176\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u2f7d\u2f64\/proc \u5feb\u7167\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u2f46 \u6cd5\u89c9\u5bdf\u5230\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\uff1a\u2f00\u4e9b\u53ef\u2f64\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u2f64\u548c\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u2f64\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u67d0\u4e9b\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec getrusage()\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u2f64\u662f \u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62ff\u5230\u2f83\u2f30\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u2f64\u7edf\u8ba1 \uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u2f64\u6237\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0a\u4e0b\u2f42\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u66f4\u591a\uff1aI\/O \u6838\u7b97\u3001blktrace\u3001timer_stats\u3001lockstat\u3001debugfs\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-15.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"719\" height=\"373\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-15.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-319\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 719px) 100vw, 719px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u6790\u7684\u2f6c\u7684\u662f\u5206\u8fa8\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u2f64\u5728\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u2f45\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u2f24\u91cf\u5730\u82b1\u5728 CPU \u4e0a\u4e86\uff0cCPU \u7684\u5256\u6790\u80fd \u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u2f00\u70b9\uff08\u7a0d\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff09\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u516d\u79cd\u72b6\u6001<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6267\u2f8f\uff1a\u5728 CPU \u4e0a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u8fd0\u2f8f\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u8f6e\u5230\u4e0a CPU\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u533f\u540d\u6362\u2eda\uff1a\u53ef\u8fd0\u2f8f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u7b49\u5f85\u533f\u540d\u6362\u2eda\u2f7d\u53d7\u963b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7761\u7720\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u5305\u62ec\u2f79\u7edc\u3001\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u6570\u636e\/\u2f42\u672c\u2eda\u6362\u2f0a\u5728\u5185\u7684 I\/O\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9501\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u83b7\u53d6\u540c\u6b65\u9501\uff08\u7b49\u5f85\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7a7a\u95f2\uff1a\u7b49\u5f85\u2f2f\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd9\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u4e94\u9879\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347<\/strong>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6267\u2f8f\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6267\u2f8f\u7684\u662f\u2f64\u6237\u6001\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd8\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6001\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u2f64\u5256\u6790\u6765\u505a CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5256\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u4ee3\u7801\u8def \u5f84\u6d88\u8017 CPU \u548c\u6d88\u8017\u4e86\u591a\u4e45\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u82b1\u8d39\u5728\u2f83\u65cb\u9501\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u8fd0\u2f8f\uff1a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u4e0a\u8017\u65f6\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684 CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u533f\u540d\u6362\u2eda\uff1a\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f3a\u5c11\u53ef\u2f64\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u6362\u2eda\u548c\u5ef6\u65f6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7761\u7720\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u963b\u585e\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u9501\uff1a\u8bc6\u522b\u9501\u548c\u6301\u6709\u8be5\u9501\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6301\u9501\u8fd9\u4e48\u2ed3\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>top -H<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-16.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"875\" height=\"199\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-16.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-320\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 875px) 100vw, 875px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>htop\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6309<code>F2<\/code>\u8fdb\u5165\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5f00\u542fdisplay \u6811\u72b6\u89c6\u56fe\u548c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6309<code>F10<\/code>\u4fdd\u5b58<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-17-1024x472.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"472\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-17-1024x472.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-321\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R running or runnable (on run queue) \u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D uninterruptible sleep (usually I\/O) \u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a IO \u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete) \u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Z zombie (terminated but not reaped by its parent) \u50f5\u6b7b\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ec8\u6b62\u4f46\u662f\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u5176\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u83b7\u53d6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T stopped (either by a job control signal or because it is being traced) \u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e1a\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u53f7\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b63\u5728\u88ab\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b83\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I (Idle): \u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P (Paging): \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9875\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">cpu\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5256\u6790\u7684\u2f6c\u6807\u662f\u8981\u5224\u65ad\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6d88\u8017 CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u3002\u2f00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6280\u672f\u662f\u5bf9 CPU \u4e0a\u7684\u2f64\u6237\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u505a\u91c7\u6837\u5e76\u5c06\u91c7\u6837 \u7ed3\u679c\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u6808\u8ddf\u8e2a\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd9\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u2fbc\u5c42\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u4e24\u2f45\u2faf\u63ed\u793a\u51fa\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d88\u8017 CPU \u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5927\u7684<code>perf<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4 \u4ee5\u53ca \u706b\u7130\u56fe\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5206\u6790cpu\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e4b\u524d\u8bf4\u5230\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5b83\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u662f\u5f3a\u5927\u7684<code>strace<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IO\u5256\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528<code>iostat<\/code>\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9501\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5e94\u2f64\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u9501\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u963b\u788d\u5e76\u2f8f\u5316\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9501\u7684\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u7ade\u4e89<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u68c0\u67e5\u8fc7\u2ed3\u7684\u6301\u9501\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0 CPU<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-18.png'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"733\" height=\"382\" data-original=\"http:\/\/yangnanbei.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-18.png\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-322\"  sizes=\"(max-width: 733px) 100vw, 733px\" \/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\uff1a\u65f6\u949f\u662f\u2f00\u4e2a\u9a71\u52a8\u6240\u6709\u5904\u7406\u5668\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u6307\u4ee4\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u82b1\u8d39\u2f00\u4e2a\u6216\u8005\u591a\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a CPU \u5468 \u671f\uff09\u6765\u6267\u2f8f\u3002CPU \u4ee5\u2f00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u949f\u9891\u7387\u6267\u2f8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u2f00\u4e2a 5GHz \u7684 CPU \u6bcf\u79d2\u8fd0\u2f8f\u4e94\u2f17\u4ebf\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u3002\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u65f6 \u949f\u9891\u7387\u5e76\u4e0d\u2f00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u63d0\u2fbc\u6027\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f CPU \u5468\u671f\u2fa5\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u505a\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2f00\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u7531 CPU \u7684\u2f00\u4e2a\u53eb\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\u5355\u5143\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\uff1a<strong>1. \u6307\u4ee4\u9884\u53d6 2. \u6307\u4ee4\u89e3\u7801 3. \u6267\u2f8f 4. <\/strong><strong>\u5185\u5b58<\/strong><strong> \u8bbf\u95ee 5. \u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5199\u56de<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u6b65\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6307\u4ee4\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6307\u4ee4\u4ec5\u4ec5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9\u2fa5\u6bcf\u2f00\u6b65\u90fd\u2f84\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u2f00\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u6765\u6267\u2f8f\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f\u6700\u6162\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u2f0f\u2f17\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u8bfb\u6216\u5199\u4e3b \u5b58\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u6307\u4ee4\u6267\u2f8f\u9677\u2f0a\u505c\u6ede\uff08\u505c\u6ede\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5468\u671f\u79f0\u4e3a\u505c\u6ede\u5468\u671f\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u5982\u6b64\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u5b83\u53ef \u4ee5\u6781\u2f24\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5468\u671f\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6307\u4ee4\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6307\u4ee4\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff1a\u540c\u2f00\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5355\u5143\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u597d\u2f0f\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u949f\u5468\u671f\u2fa5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd CPU \u67b6\u6784\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u8d85\u6807 \u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u548c\u6d41\u2f54\u7ebf\u2f00\u8d77\u4f7f\u2f64\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u2fbc\u6307\u4ee4\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3002\u6307\u4ee4\u5bbd\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u7684\u2f6c\u6807\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u5904\u7406\u5668\u2f00\u822c\u4e3a\u5bbd \u5ea6 3 \u6216\u8005\u5bbd\u5ea6 4\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5468\u671f\u2fa5\u6700\u591a\u5b8c\u6210 3\uff5e4 \u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CPI\uff0cIPC\uff1a 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